The Metabolic and Performance Effects of Caffeine Compared to Coffee during Endurance Exercise
There is consistent evidence supporting the ergogenic effects of caffeine for endurance based exercise. However, whether caffeine ingested …
Scientific library
Peer-reviewed articles and books on training, physiology, and performance — curated for evidence-based coaching.
6,013 documents
Risk factors associated with medial tibial stress syndrome in runners: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Risk factors associated with medial tibial stress syndrome in runners: a systematic review and meta-analysis Phil Newman, Jeremy Witchalls,…
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduces memory interference in humans: opposing effects of aerobic exercise and depression
Since the remarkable discovery of adult neurogenesis in the mammalian hippocampus, considerable effort has been devoted to unraveling the f…
Effect of an office worksite-based yoga program on heart rate variability: outcomes of a randomized controlled trial
Background Chronic work-related stress is an independent risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases and associated mortality, particularly wh…
Anthropometric and physiological determinants of running performance in middle- and long-distance runners
im of the present study was to compare anthropometric, body composition and physiological parameters in middle- and long-distance runners o…
Aerobic Capacity, Activity Levels and Daily Energy Expenditure in Male and Female Adolescents of the Kenyan Nandi Sub-Group
The relative importance of genetic and socio-cultural influences contributing to the success of east Africans in endurance athletics remain…
How to assess performance in cycling: the multivariate nature of influencing factors and related indicators
Finding an optimum for the cycling performance is not a trivial matter, since the literature shows the presence of many controversial aspec…
Marathon performance in relation to body fat percentage and training indices in recreational male runners
Marathon performance in relation to body fat percentage and training indices in recreational male runners Giovanni Tanda,1 Beat Knechtle2,3…
Exercise-Induced Changes in Iron Status and Hepcidin Response in Female Runners
Background and Aims Exercise-induced iron deficiency is a common finding in endurance athletes. It has been suggested recently that hepcidi…
The Effects of High Intensity Interval Training in Normobaric Hypoxia on Aerobic Capacity in Basketball Players
This study evaluates the impact of hypoxic training on basketball players' aerobic capacity.
Metabolic responses to a 48-h ultra-marathon run in middle-aged male amateur runners
Purpose To evaluate ongoing metabolic changes during a 48-h competitive run and a 48-h recovery period, with focus on potential health risk…
A Paradigm of Uphill Running
The biomechanical management of bioenergetics of runners when running uphill was investigated. Several metabolic and mechanical variables h…
Fatigue Shifts and Scatters Heart Rate Variability in Elite Endurance Athletes
Purpose This longitudinal study aimed at comparing heart rate variability (HRV) in elite athletes identified either in ‘fatigue’ or in ‘no-…
Continuous and High-Intensity Interval Training: Which Promotes Higher Pleasure?
Objectives To compare the psychological responses to continuous (CT) and high-intensity interval training (HIT) sessions. Methods Fifteen m…
Lactate Modulates the Activity of Primary Cortical Neurons through a Receptor-Mediated Pathway
Lactate is increasingly described as an energy substrate of the brain. Beside this still debated metabolic role, lactate may have other eff…
VO2max Trainability and High Intensity Interval Training in Humans: A Meta-Analysis
Endurance exercise training studies frequently show modest changes in VO2max with training and very limited responses in some subjects. By …
Effects of oral adenosine-5′-triphosphate supplementation on athletic performance, skeletal muscle hypertrophy and recovery in resistance-trained men
Background Currently, there is a lack of studies examining the effects of adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) supplementation utilizing a long-…
Water and sodium intake habits and status of ultra-endurance runners during a multi-stage ultra-marathon conducted in a hot ambient environment: an observational field based study
Background Anecdotal evidence suggests ultra-runners may not be consuming sufficient water through foods and fluids to maintenance euhydrat…
Cardiac Arrest during Long-Distance Running Races
Background Approximately 2 million people participate in long-distance running races in the United States annually. Reports of race-related…
Subjecting Elite Athletes to Inspiratory Breathing Load Reveals Behavioral and Neural Signatures of Optimal Performers in Extreme Environments
This study investigates how elite athletes respond to breathing loads using fMRI.
Muscle Damage and Its Relationship with Muscle Fatigue During a Half-Iron Triathlon
This study investigates muscle fatigue causes in trained triathletes during a half-iron distance triathlon.
Physiological Correlates of Cycling Performance in Amateur Mountain Bikers
Research background and hypothesis. Aerobic fitness of high-performance mountain bikers explains about 40% of variance in performance. This…