Abstract
The present study was aimed at exploring the influence of cognitive processes on performance in ultra-marathon runners, providing an overview of the cognitive aspects that characterize outstanding runners. Thirty runners were administered a battery of computerized tests right before their participation in an ultra-marathon. Then, they were split according to the race rank into two groups (i.e., faster runners and slower runners) and their cognitive performance was compared. Faster runners outperformed slower runners in trials requiring motor inhibition and were more effective at performing two tasks together, successfully suppressing the activation of the information for one of the tasks when was not relevant. Furthermore, slower runners took longer to remember to execute pre-defined actions associated with emotional stimuli when such stimuli were presented. These findings suggest that cognitive factors play a key role in running an ultra-marathon. Indeed, if compared with slower runners, faster runners seem to have a better inhibitory control, showing superior ability not only to inhibit motor response but also to suppress processing of irrelevant information. Their cognitive performance also appears to be less influenced by emotional stimuli. This research opens new directions towards understanding which kinds of cognitive and emotional factors can discriminate talented runners from less outstanding runners.
Citation: Cona G, Cavazzana A, Paoli A, Marcolin G, Grainer A, Bisiacchi PS (2015) It’s a Matter of Mind! Cognitive Functioning Predicts the Athletic Performance in Ultra-Marathon Runners. PLoS ONE 10(7):
e0132943.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132943
Editor: Giuseppe di Pellegrino, University of Bologna, ITALY
Received: March 3, 2015; Accepted: June 21, 2015; Published: July 14, 2015
Copyright: © 2015 Cona et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Data Availability: Data of our experiment are available upon request because of ethical restriction in order to protect the privacy of research participants. Readers can contact giorgia.cona@unipd.it to request the data, which would be given anonymously. Race ranking is freely available on the web.
Funding: This study was supported by a grant from the University of Padova (Strategic Grant NEURAT; STPD11B8HM_004) to P.B. The funder did not have any role in study, data collection or analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Description
Cognitive factors play a key role in running performance.