← Back to library
article 2025 11 pages

Preseason neuromuscular versus endurance training leads to greater improvements in isokinetic strength, muscle damage, and inflammation parameters in highly trained female soccer players

Ali Belamjahad, Claire Tourny, Anthony C. Hackney, Nidhal Jebabli, Naoual Chariba, Fatiha Laziri, Ayoub Saeidi, Ismail Laher, Urs Granacher, Hassane Zouhal

Journal
BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
DOI
10.1186/s13102-025-01154-x
Publication type
Original Research
Population
female soccer players
View on DOI ↗

Abstract

Background

The preseason offers an opportunity to achieve an optimal level of physical fitness for the entire season. The question arises whether the training programs induce muscle damage and inflammatory processes which may have a negative impact on players’ readiness at the beginning of the season.

Objectives

To examine the effects of a preseason neuromuscular training program (NMT) versus endurance training (ET) on measures of isokinetic strength, muscle damage, and blood parameters in female soccer players.

Methods

Twenty-two highly trained female soccer players with a mean age of 17.0 ± 1.3 years were randomly assigned to a NMT (n = 11) or ET group (n = 11). NMT and ET programs lasted six weeks with three sessions per week, each 45–60 min. NMT included strength, power, linear sprint and change-of-direction speed, and dynamic stability exercises. ET comprised running, circuit drills, coordination, aerobic circuit, interval-training, speed-endurance exercises, and dynamic stretching. isokinetic knee flexor/extensor parameters (e.g., peak torque) were tested pre- and post-training. Blood samples were analyzed for muscle damage markers: creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and inflammation markers: C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Results

Significant group-by-time interactions were found for all isokinetic parameters (0.001 

Description

This research compares neuromuscular and endurance training effects on female soccer players' strength and muscle damage.